Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm industrial automation, ib tug txhim khu kev qha tswj system yog lub caj qaum ntawm kev ua haujlwm du. Ntawm cov kev xaiv saum toj kawg nkaus rau kev tswj hwm kev lag luam, Siemens PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) sawv tawm rau nws cov kav ntev, hloov tau, thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Kev tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag tsis yog hais txog kev sib sau cov khoom sib dhos nkaus xwb- nws yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam nruj thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb. Txawm hais tias koj yog tus tshiab rau kev lag luam automation lossis tab tom nrhiav txhim kho koj cov kev tswj hwm, nkag siab txog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb, cov qauv, thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb rau kev tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov lus qhia no yuav coj koj mus txog txhua yam koj xav paub, los ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev ua raws cai, thaum hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Siemens PLC hauv kev teeb tsa kev lag luam niaj hnub no.
Dab tsi yog Siemens PLC Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag?
Lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke uas muaj Siemens Programmable Logic Controller thiab lwm yam kev txhawb nqa los saib xyuas thiab tswj cov txheej txheem kev lag luam. Tsis zoo li generic tswj vaj huam sib luag, cov uas muaj Siemens PLC yog tsim los txhawb lub hom lag luam thev naus laus zis, ua kom muaj kev tswj xyuas meej, tiag - sijhawm ua cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev sib txuas tsis sib haum nrog lwm cov tshuab ua haujlwm. Los ntawm cov kab tsim khoom mus rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm, txo tib neeg kev ua yuam kev, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo.
Core Cheebtsam ntawm Siemens PLC Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Txhua Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb uas ua haujlwm ua ke kom xa cov kev ua tau zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog, ntawm chav kawm, Siemens PLC nws tus kheej -qhov no yog "lub hlwb" ntawm lub kaw lus, lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua tiav cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm los tswj cov tshuab thiab cov txheej txheem. Lwm yam tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
- Lub Hwj Chim Fais Fab: Muab qhov hluav taws xob ruaj khov rau Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom siv, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam txawm tias thaum muaj hluav taws xob hloov pauv.
- Input/Output (I/O) Modules: Txuas Siemens PLC rau sensors, actuators, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv teb. Input modules txais cov teeb liab los ntawm sensors (piv txwv li, kub, siab), thaum tso zis modules xa cov lus txib mus rau actuators (piv txwv li, motors, li qub).
- Terminal Blocks: Ua haujlwm raws li cov ntsiab lus txuas rau kev xaim, ua kom yooj yim rau nruab, tswj, thiab daws teeb meem ntawm Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag.
- Circuit Breakers thiab Fuses: Tiv thaiv Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom siv los ntawm overcurrent thiab luv circuits, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb.
- Tib neeg-Machine Interface (HMI): Tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas Siemens PLC qhov kev ua tau zoo, cov lus txib nkag, thiab saib cov lus ceeb toom lossis qhov yuam kev.
Thaum tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, xaiv siab - cov khoom zoo uas sib xws nrog Siemens PLC yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Siv cov khoom Siemens tiag tiag ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo, ua haujlwm ntev, thiab ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam -qhov no yog qhov kev nkag siab cov qauv rau Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag kev teeb tsa ua qhov tseem ceeb.
Cov qauv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim lub Siemens PLC Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam tsis yog - sib tham tau thaum tsim Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Cov qauv no xyuas kom meej tias lub vaj huam sib luag muaj kev nyab xeeb, txhim khu kev qha, thiab ua tau raws li kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Kev tsis quav ntsej cov qauv tuaj yeem ua rau cov cuab yeej tsis ua haujlwm, muaj kev phom sij rau kev nyab xeeb, thiab tsis ua raws li cov cai tswj hwm. Hauv qab no yog cov qauv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum ua raws li:
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Cov Qauv
IEC teeb tsa cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, suav nrog PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Rau Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, cov qauv IEC tseem ceeb yog IEC 61131 thiab IEC 61439. IEC 61131 tsom rau cov tswj kev tswj hwm, qhia cov kev xav tau rau kev tsim, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev sim ntawm Siemens PLC thiab nws cov qauv. IEC 61439, ntawm qhov tod tes, npog qis -voltage switchgear thiab controlgear assemblies- tus qauv no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag tau sib sau ua ke kom raug, nrog rau kev xaim hluav taws xob, rwb thaiv tsev, thiab kev tso chaw.
Ua raws li cov qauv IEC yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Nws kuj tau lees tias lub vaj huam sib luag tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov chaw muaj kev lag luam hnyav, xws li qhov kub thiab txias, av noo, thiab kev vibration- feem ntau cov teeb meem hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm.
National Electrical Code (NEC) Requirements
Yog tias koj tab tom tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag rau kev siv hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kev ua raws li NEC (NFPA 70) yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. NEC qhia txog kev nyab xeeb rau kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob, suav nrog txoj kev xaim, hauv av, thiab kev tiv thaiv overcurrent rau Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Piv txwv li, NEC xav kom txhua txoj hlua hluav taws xob hauv vaj huam sib luag tau sau npe kom raug thiab ruaj ntseg, thiab Siemens PLC yog lub hauv paus los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab.
Nkag siab txog Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag raws li NEC yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev zam kev nplua thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Nws kuj pab tau dhau kev soj ntsuam los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm hluav taws xob hauv zos.
Siemens 'Own Technical Specifications
Ntxiv rau cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb thiab lub teb chaws, Siemens muab cov ncauj lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws rau nws cov khoom PLC. Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no qhia txog txoj hauv kev kom raug rau nruab, xaim, thiab sib koom ua ke Siemens PLC rau hauv cov tswj vaj huam sib luag. Ua raws li Siemens cov lus qhia ua kom koj tau txais qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm koj lub PLC, txuas nws lub neej, thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Piv txwv li, Siemens pom zoo rau kev siv xov tooj tshwj xeeb rau nws cov S7-1200 thiab S7-1500 PLC series kom txo qis electromagnetic cuam tshuam (EMI), uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov teeb liab kis tau tus mob. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus qhia no, koj tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag ua haujlwm muaj kev ntseeg siab txawm tias nyob hauv ib puag ncig nrog EMI siab, xws li nyob ze cov motors loj lossis cov kab hluav taws xob.
Kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb rau Siemens PLC Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Kev nyab xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum tsim thiab txhim kho Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Kev lag luam hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj, suav nrog hluav taws xob poob siab, hluav taws kub, thiab khoom puas tsuaj. Kev ua raws li kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb hauv qab no yuav tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm, tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo, thiab ua kom lub sijhawm ntev - kev ntseeg siab ntawm koj lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag:
Kev cog qoob loo zoo thiab kev cog qoob loo
Grounding yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm txhua qhov hluav taws xob tswj vaj huam sib luag, suav nrog Siemens PLC. Kev tsim nyog hauv av muab txoj hauv kev rau kev txhaum tam sim no kom ntws mus rau lub ntiaj teb, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob poob siab thiab tiv thaiv Siemens PLC ntawm qhov hluav taws xob surges. Cov xaim hauv av yuav tsum tau txuas nrog rau hauv av electrode, thiab tag nrho cov khoom hlau ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag (xws li, enclosure, terminal blocks) yuav tsum tau muab khi rau hauv av.
Thaum txhim kho Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, xyuas kom meej tias cov txheej txheem hauv av ua tau raws li IEC thiab NEC cov qauv. Siv cov- cov xov hlau zoo hauv av thiab kev sib txuas, thiab xyuas kom tsis tu ncua rau kev puas tsuaj lossis xeb.
Kev tiv thaiv overcurrent
Overcurrent (ntau dhau tam sim no ntws los ntawm Circuit Court) tuaj yeem ua rau overheating, hluav taws kub, thiab kev puas tsuaj rau Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, teeb tsa lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab fuses hauv koj lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Cov cuab yeej no yuav cia li kaw lub hwj chim yog tias qhov tam sim no tshaj qhov kev nyab xeeb.
Xaiv cov kab hluav taws xob thiab cov fuses uas sib haum nrog Siemens PLC thiab tag nrho cov khoom ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag. Nrog Siemens 'cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb los txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv no.
Kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev
Ua ntej lub hwj chim ntawm Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, ua ib qho kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev los xyuas seb puas muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev nyob hauv cov xov hlau thiab cov khoom. Cov rwb thaiv tsev puas tuaj yeem ua rau luv luv thiab hluav taws xob poob siab. Siv lub megohmmeter (insulation resistance tester) los ntsuas qhov tsis kam ntawm cov conductors nyob thiab hauv av. Yog tias qhov kev tiv thaiv tsawg dhau, nws qhia tias muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov rwb thaiv tsev, uas yuav tsum tau kho ua ntej lub vaj huam sib luag muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm.
Ua raws li Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag kev nyab xeeb cov lus qhia rau kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev kom ntseeg tau tias koj lub vaj huam sib luag muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua tsis tiav.
Clear Labeling thiab Documentation
Kev sau npe kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm nyab xeeb thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Sau tag nrho cov xov hlau, cov davhlau ya nyob twg, cov kab hluav taws xob sib txuas, thiab cov khoom siv kom meej, yooj yim -rau- nyeem ntawv. Qhov no ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kom txheeb xyuas qhov chaw, daws teeb meem, thiab ua kev kho kom zoo.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev sau npe, khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws ntawm Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, suav nrog cov kab kos, cov npe khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb. Cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tau khaws cia ze ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag kom yooj yim nkag mus.
Kauj ruam-los ntawm- Cov kauj ruam qhia los tsim lub Siemens PLC Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Tam sim no koj nkag siab txog cov qauv thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, cia peb taug kev hauv kauj ruam - los ntawm - cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag. Cov lus qhia no yuav pab koj xyuas kom meej tias koj lub vaj huam sib luag tau sib sau ua ke kom raug, ua raws txhua qhov kev xav tau, thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Kauj Ruam 1: Npaj thiab Tsim Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yog npaj thiab tsim cov kab ke. Pib los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas lub hom phiaj ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag- nws yuav tswj cov txheej txheem dab tsi? Dab tsi inputs (sensors) thiab outputs (actuators) yuav txuas nrog Siemens PLC? Thaum koj muaj kev nkag siab meej txog koj qhov yuav tsum tau ua, tsim ib daim duab kab hluav taws xob thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag.
Thaum tsim cov layout, xyuas kom meej tias muaj qhov chaw txaus rau Siemens PLC, I / O modules, fais fab mov, thiab lwm yam khoom. Tawm hauv chav rau kev xaim thiab kev nthuav dav yav tom ntej. Tsis tas li, xav txog ib puag ncig uas lub vaj huam sib luag yuav raug teeb tsa- yog tias nws yuav raug cov plua plav, noo noo, lossis qhov kub thiab txias, xaiv lub kaw lus kaw kom tiv thaiv Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom.
Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov uas paub yuav ua li cas los tsim Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag pib- kev npaj kom raug zam tsis raug nqi ntau tom qab.
Kauj Ruam 2: Sau cov Cheebtsam
Raws li koj tus qauv tsim, sau tag nrho cov khoom tsim nyog. Nco ntsoov siv Siemens qhov tseeb rau PLC, I/O modules, thiab fais fab mov -qhov no ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab ua raws li cov qauv. Lwm yam khoom uas koj yuav xav tau muaj xws li lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv, Circuit Court breakers, fuses, thaiv, thiab vaj huam sib luag enclosure.
Ua ntej yuav khoom, xyuas lawv cov specifications kom paub tseeb tias lawv ua tau raws li koj cov kev xav tau. Piv txwv li, lub hwj huam mov yuav tsum muab qhov tseeb voltage thiab tam sim no rau Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom.
Kauj Ruam 3: Mount Cov Cheebtsam hauv qhov Enclosure
Thaum koj muaj tag nrho cov khoom, mount lawv nyob rau hauv lub vaj huam sib luag enclosure raws li koj layout. Pib los ntawm kev txhim kho Siemens PLC thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, vim cov no yog cov khoom loj tshaj plaws. Tom qab ntawd, mount lub I / O modules, davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv, Circuit Court breakers, thiab lwm yam khoom. Xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam khoom siv tau ruaj khov kom tsis txhob txav mus los thaum ua haujlwm.
Thaum mounting Cheebtsam, cia qhov chaw txaus ntawm lawv rau kev xaim thiab qhov cua. Kev ua pa kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev kub dhau ntawm Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Kauj Ruam 4: Xaim Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Kev xaim yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag- kev xaim tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo, muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab tsis ua raws li cov qauv. Ua tib zoo ua raws li koj daim duab kab hluav taws xob, thiab siv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob kom raug rau txhua lub voj voog.
Pib los ntawm kev xaim hluav taws xob rau Siemens PLC thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Tom qab ntawd, xaim I / O modules rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv, thiab txuas lub davhlau ya nyob twg thaiv rau cov sensors thiab actuators (cov khoom siv sab nraud). Siv cov xim -coded xov hlau los ua kom yooj yim dua los txheeb xyuas cov kab hluav taws xob sib txawv-piv txwv li, siv cov xaim liab rau lub zog, dub rau hauv av, thiab xiav rau cov teeb liab xov hlau.
Ua raws li Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag thaiv cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws, xws li kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov xov hlau nrog cov hlua khi, zam cov npoo ntse uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov rwb thaiv tsev puas tsuaj, thiab sau tag nrho cov xov hlau thiab cov terminals. Tsis tas li ntawd, xyuas kom meej tias txhua qhov kev sib txuas yog nruj kom tiv thaiv cov xov hlau xoob, uas tuaj yeem ua rau arcing thiab hluav taws kub.
Kauj Ruam 5: Ntsuam xyuas Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Tom qab xaim ua tiav, sim Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag kom paub tseeb tias nws ua haujlwm raug thiab nyab xeeb. Pib nrog ib qho kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev los kuaj xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev puas. Tom qab ntawd, sim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom paub tseeb tias nws muab qhov tseeb voltage. Tom ntej no, qhov kev pab cuam Siemens PLC nrog koj cov kev tswj logic thiab sim cov tswv yim / tso zis teeb liab.
Thaum kuaj, xyuas tias txhua lub sensors thiab actuators teb kom raug rau cov lus txib los ntawm Siemens PLC. Tsis tas li ntawd, sim cov Circuit Court breakers thiab fuses kom paub tseeb tias lawv mus txawv tebchaws thaum muaj overcurrent. Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem, teeb meem thiab kho lawv ua ntej muab lub vaj huam sib luag ua haujlwm.
Cov lus qhia txog kev saib xyuas rau Siemens PLC Tswj Vaj Huam Sib Luag
Txhawm rau ua kom lub sijhawm ntev - kev ntseeg siab ntawm koj Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia txog kev tu vaj tse tseem ceeb:
- Tshawb xyuas lub Vaj Huam Sib Luag Tsis tu ncua: Tshawb xyuas cov cim ntawm kev puas tsuaj, xws li cov xov hlau xoob, corrosion, lossis overheating. Ntxuav lub vaj huam sib luag kom tshem tawm cov plua plav thiab cov khib nyiab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kub dhau.
- Kuaj Siemens PLC: Tsis tu ncua sim PLC qhov kev pab cuam thiab cov tswv yim tawm tswv yim / tso tawm kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua haujlwm raug. Hloov kho PLC lub firmware yog Siemens tso tawm ib qho kev hloov tshiab los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm lossis kho cov kab.
- Tshawb xyuas cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv: Tshawb xyuas cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov fuses kom ntseeg tau tias lawv nyob hauv qhov zoo. Hloov cov khoom puas lossis hnav tam sim ntawd.
- Tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv: Khaws koj cov kab kos, cov npe khoom, thiab cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb mus txog hnub tim. Qhov no ua rau kev saib xyuas thiab kev daws teeb meem yooj yim dua.
Xaus
Kev tsim lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj, ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam, thiab tsom ntsoov rau kev nyab xeeb. Los ntawm kev ua raws li cov kauj ruam uas tau teev tseg hauv phau ntawv qhia no, koj tuaj yeem tsim qhov kev tswj xyuas kev ntseeg siab uas siv lub zog ntawm Siemens PLC los ua kom cov txheej txheem kev lag luam. Nco ntsoov siv cov khoom Siemens tiag tiag, ua raws li IEC thiab NEC cov qauv, thiab siv cov kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb zoo xws li kev siv av, kev tiv thaiv overcurrent, thiab kev ntsuas rwb thaiv tsev.
Txawm hais tias koj yog ib tus kws tshaj lij kev lag luam automation los yog nyuam qhuav pib, nkag siab txog cov qauv thiab kev nyab xeeb rau Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav. Nrog rau kev paub zoo thiab cov khoom siv, koj lub Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yuav muab ntau xyoo kev pabcuam txhim khu kev qha, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj pab neeg.
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug txog kev tsim tsev lossis kev tswj xyuas Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag, sab laj Siemens 'cov ntaub ntawv kev txawj ntse lossis ncav cuag tus neeg koom nrog Siemens tau ntawv pov thawj rau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Kev nqis peev sijhawm thiab kev siv zog hauv kev tsim lub siab - zoo, ua raws Siemens PLC tswj vaj huam sib luag yog qhov tsim nyog rau lub sijhawm ntev - cov txiaj ntsig nws muab.
